Signs that your car's Variable Valve Timing (VVT) switch is failing

Modern vehicles typically have engines that employ Variable Valve Timing or VVT. Because of VVT, a car can achieve more optimal levels of performance and fuel efficiency at any engine speed. Before VVT was developed, the timing for opening and closing the engine valves was only optimized for a single engine speed. But since engine speeds vary, having a single timing means a decrease in both power and efficiency.

Now, VVT can vary the timing of opening and closing of engine valves for multiple engine speeds. When the engine speeds get higher, inlet valves open earlier to allow more air-fuel mixture to enter the cylinders. At normal driving conditions, VVT isn't activated. But when extra engine work is needed, VVT is activated. Then the information will be relayed from the VVT to the vehicle computer by the Variable Valve Timing (VVT) switch.

However, the VVT switch will wear out or fail. This is usually due to lack of basic maintenance. Once the VVT switch fails, the vehicle won't be able to receive any input from the ECU (engine computer unit) to vary the timing of the opening and closing of the valves according to the situation. As a result, the vehicle may experience a decline in performance as well as a decrease in fuel efficiency.

In order to know whether your car’s VVT switch is failing or has gone bad, here are some signs you can look out for.

Check Engine Light turns on. The Check Engine Light usually illuminates due to many reasons. The ECU produces a number of warning codes that can activate this light. Being an electrical component, the VVT switch is always monitored by the car’s onboard computer. Once the VVT fails to send data or is sending inaccurate data, the onboard computer would sense a possible issue, and the Check Engine Light will turn up. Nonetheless, there are quite a number of engine problems – not just a failing VVT switch -- that may also cause the Check Engine Light to illuminate.

Engine misfires while carry heavy loads or climbing steeps. Of course, there are other signs that may indicate that the VVT switch is failing. For instance, when the car is carrying extra weight, climbing up steeps, or suddenly accelerating, the engine may misfire or trip up just because the VVT switch has failed. Sometimes, the switch isn't the problem but an electrical issue with the switch. If this happens, there might be a chance the engine might sustain some damage.

Engine experiences a rough idle. When the VVT switch is failing, it might not be able to send accurate date to the vehicle computer, and the valve timing won't be adjusted as needed. This could cause the engine to experience a rough idle, especially when the engine speed increases and drops from 100 rpm to 300 rpm at idle.

How to Diagnose a Bad or Failing Mirror Control Switch?

Perhaps one of the less noticed yet still important elements in the field of vehicle safety is the mirror. There are many types of mirrors used in vehicles like side mirrors and rear-view mirror. The side mirrors, in particular, reflect the back of the car on either side, allowing you to spot how far or near an approaching vehicle is. Side mirrors also give drivers the ability to park their cars better.

To fully optimize the safety element brought by the side mirrors, they to be installed correctly and adjusted properly for them to they deliver a clear line of sight to the rear and sides of the car. Of course, the driver has to adjust them without leaving his or her seat, which means a nearby seat is a must. To adjust either the right or left side mirror, the driver has to access the mirror control switch. Usually typically located on the left-hand side of the dashboard or on the driver's side door, the mirror control switch is made up of a number of selector and adjustment switches. To select which side mirror to adjust, the driver has to access the selector switch. Then, to adjust the position of the mirror – up or down, left or right – for the most ideal alignment of sight, the driver needs to use a knob or directional switch. A slave switch, on the other hand, is also found on the passenger side.

The side mirrors are moved by motors installed in the housings. The power and electrical ground to each of the mirror motors are controlled by the mirror control switches. Once the mirror control switch fails or breaks, you won't be able to adjust the side mirrors to their perfect alignment. If the driver doesn’t have a clear line of sight to the rear and sides of the car, safety is already compromised and the possibility of getting into an accident has become higher.

When the mirror control switch is failing, it exhibits a number of signs. Once your mirror control switch show these signs, perhaps it is time to have it fixed or even replaced.

First, if the side mirrors don’t adjust, then the switch might be or might not be having some problems. For instance, if the mirrors don’t adjust, the driver might accidentally bump the switch with his or her arm. Once bumped, the system’s neutral setting would disable or lock out the switch. But if it the switch is not on neutral and the mirrors still don’t adjust, this indicates that a circuit might be broken and the power can’t flow from the switch to the side mirrors.

Second, if the side mirrors can adjust up or down, but not left or right, there might an electrical malfunction inside the switch. There might also be a problem between the switch and the electrical relay.

Third, if the side mirrors can adjust left or right, but not up or down, then the problem could be wire or connection issues external to the switch. A faulty circuit inside switch could be caused by corrosion.

Fourth, if the side mirrors adjust from the master switch but not from the slave switch, there could be a number of problems. For instance, the slave switch might have no power or could be faulty. Likewise, the circuits between the master and slave switches might be having some issues. Of course, the mirror lockout switch might be in the neutral position.

Signals Telling that the Windshield Wiper Motor of your Car Has Problems

Driving on the road on a rainy day poses some dangers, one of which is the lack of forward visibility. To solve this, cars are fitted with wipers that can clear rain – as well as snow and debris -- from the windshield. You can actually depend on the windshield wipers to improve your visibility especially during a rainstorm.

The entire wiper system of car is not just made up of the wiper blades. While the wiper blades actually do the job of clearing the windshield, they can’t move without the wiper motor. Yes, the wiper motor can be considered as the heart of a wiper system. Once its fails or is failing, then the wiper won’t be able to function properly when needed, especially when the driver can’t see the road due to the water or ice on the windshield. As a possible result, an accident may occur and there could be fatalities.

Hence, before anything happens, you have to know whether the wiper motor is failing. Here are some signs that could indicate any problem with the wiper motor.

First, a problem exists if the wiper blades won't move even after you turned on the wiper switch. In this case, you may not also hear the wiper motor running. If this happens, the culprit could be many things. For instance, the fuse that operates the wiper motor might have blown or burned out due to electrical overload. An electrical issue could also be the culprit. In any electrical problem, it is imperative to have it repaired to prevent it from damaging other car components.

Likewise, if the wiper blades aren’t moving, the wiper motor could have sustained the damage.

Second, there could be a failure if the wiper blades don't park properly. Your car’s wiper blades are supposed to move in to a "parked" position – as locked at the bottom of the windshield – once the wiper switch is turned off. The wiper blades have to be in this position to ensure that it won’t block the view of the driver. If the wiper blades don’t move into position, the wiper motor might some issue, and this would usually entail replacing the windshield washer motor. Nonetheless, there are vehicles which wiper blades don’t park at the bottom of the windshield.

Third, the wiper motor could be experiencing some problems if the wiper blades move slower than programmed. Most vehicles in the road are now fitted with programmable wiper blades that operate at different speeds and delays. If the wiper blades are moving slowly even though the selected speed is fast or high, the mechanical parts of the wiper motor might be clogged with grime and debris, thereby affecting its speed.

As aforementioned, today’s wiper blades can move at different speeds. So fourth, if they only move at one speed – although there are low or high settings -- the wiper motor or the wiper module might be experiencing some problems.

How to Know if the Oil Filter Housing Gasket is Failing?

The engine is considered as the heart of a car. To keep it in good condition, oil is needed. However, to keep contaminants like oil debris and particles from reaching and damaging the engine, an oil filter is needed. As it name clearly says, it filters the oil from debris and particles. This oil filter is installed to a housing mounted to the engine. To keep the engine oil from leaking out around the filter, a gasket is installed.

Made of either rubber or paper, the oil filter housing gasket plays an important role in keeping the oil inside the engine and from leaking. Nonetheless, this particular gasket would eventually wear out or break down. It would become brittle, causing oil to leak. When that happens, the overall performance of the engine might be affected and its entire operation would become rough instead of smooth. Thus, it is only logical to check whether the oil filter housing gasket is already failing or has failed.

How would you know if the oil filter housing gasket has broken down?

There are three major signs that may indicate that there is a problem with the oil filter housing gasket. Each of these signs doesn’t really specifically pertain to a failing oil filter housing gasket, but could well indicate that an issue does exist.

First, the oil filter housing gasket might be failing if the Engine Oil Light is on. When the Engine Oil Light illuminates, it simply means that there isn't enough oil in the system, or the oil pump isn't distributing enough oil to the system. In either of these situations, the lack of oil means that the friction surfaces won’t be lubricated.

When the engine oil is lacking, there could be an oil leakage somewhere in the system. This leakage could be occurring in the oil filter housing, simply because the gasket has gone busted. Just to be sure, you need check not only the oil filter housing gasket but other related parts. After all, an engine that is operating without the right amount of oil could lead to a bigger problem. Instead of just replacing one part, you may have to pay more to repair the engine.

Likewise, the oil filter housing gasket might be broken if the Low Oil Pressure Light is on or if the oil pressure gauge on the instrument cluster is going down. When oil leaks from the broken gasket, the amount of the fluid in the system goes down, and so is oil pressure.

Lastly, you can do a visual inspection of the oil filter housing gasket to see if it is failing. If oil is leaking or dripping from the filter, the culprit might be the oil filter housing gasket. Moreover, if you see you can a puddle of oil underneath the car, a leakage might have come from the oil filter, as caused by a failing gasket.

Should a Fluid Leak in the Brake System be Ignored?

When you go, you also have to stop. Driving is not just about moving, but is also about stopping. That is why the brakes are considered as an important part of a vehicle. Without the brakes, a car cannot slow down to a stop.

A vital element of a car’s braking system is the brake fluid. When the pedal is depressed, you actually send the brake force from your foot to the brakes through the brake fluid. The brake fluid serves as an incompressible medium that transmits the foot pressure on the brake pedal through the master cylinder to the brake calipers, allowing the friction material to clamp against the brake discs. Thus, the braking force of a car depends on the pressure transmitted by the brake fluid.

Occasionally though, the brake system may develop a leak. You will eventually notice that the brake fluid has become too low, although you have just recently refilled it. There are many situations in which the system would leak brake fluid. For the instance, the brake lines might be leaking. There could also be a brake fluid leak in the wheel cylinders, calipers or master cylinders. In addition, the Anti-lock braking system might have become faulty or the bleeder valves have become loose. Furthermore, worn brake pads or worn brake shoes could be causing seal to fail in the calipers. Aside from leaking lines, calipers or master cylinders, the fluid may also get low if the pads or shoes are worn, as the system would use more fluid volume than before.

But if you are wondering if a leak in the brake system would be problem, the answer is big yes.

As aforementioned, the brake fluid transmits force through pressure. Now, if there is a leak, the amount of brake fluid would get low. This would directly affect the fluid pressure in the brake system. If the pressure becomes weak, the braking force would also be weak. This is why no matter how you hard your press the brake pedal, the brakes might not engage. At first, a leak may not fully affect the entire brake system, but eventually, the car wouldn’t be able to properly slow down and stop.

Cars should always be able to slow down and stop, and a failure to do so is a big safety issue. Imagine travelling at speeds of 100 km/h (62 mph) and a large object is blocking the road around 100 meters ahead. You still have time to hit the brakes and stop safely. But because the brake fluid is too low, the brakes can’t engage and the car can’t be brought to a halt. The results would be disastrous and lives might even be lost. Thus, any fluid leak in the brake system shouldn’t be ignored.

There are ways to determine if there is a possible leak. When the brake pedal feels soft when depressed, the brake fluid might be leaking. This is also true when the brake pedal goes all the way to the floor when engaged. Although some cars come with fail-safe mechanisms to prevent total brake failure, it is prudent and wise to always check the brake system for any problem, like brake fluid leaks.

Slip-Shifting – How to drive a manual transmission car without using the clutch

When driving a car with a manual transmission, it is imperative to first depress the clutch pedal before up-shifting or down-shifting gears. Once this pedal is depressed to the floor, the clutch disengages, thereby disconnecting the engine from the transmission. At this moment, the driver can shift up or down the gears. But do you know you can shift gears in manual transmission without having to use the clutch pedal?

Typically, you have to depress the clutch pedal to disengage the clutch. Shifting gears while the clutch is engaged isn't advisable as this could damage the gears, especially their teeth. Disengaging the clutch essentially cut off the power supply from the engine. Since the shifting process doesn’t have to work again power and torque, the gears won’t get damaged. Once you take your foot off from the clutch pedal, the clutch engages once again to connect the engine to the transmission.

However, it is possible to shift gears up or down without having to depress the clutch pedal. This means that you are shifting gears while the clutch is still engaged, and the engine is still connected to the transmission. Being able to shift gears without using the pedal could mean a lot when you are driving and the clutch seemed to have failed.

The technique of shifting gears without depressing the clutch pedal is called as slip-shifting. It is also called as float shifting and dead sticking.

To do this, you need a very good timing and a working tachometer for reference. When shifting gears up, you can try to slip-shift when the engine speed is between 3,000 rpm and 3,500 rpm. The desired engine speed for slip-shifting to a higher gear, however, varies from one vehicle to another. In this engine speed, the two gears (lower and higher gears) match their rotational speeds, allowing you to upshift without damaging the gears.

Upon reaching the desired engine speed, you should take your foot off the gas pedal and then pull the shifter out of the lower gear and press it to the higher gear in sequence. Once the engine and the gearbox have the same speed, the shifter will slide into gear. After this happen, you need to depress the gas pedal to speed up.

When slip-shifting to a lower gear, you can try to do so at engine speeds of between 1,200 rpm and 1,500 rpm. First, you have release some pressure on the accelerator to slow down the car. Then, burp the car by depress the gas pedal for a second and release it to ease pressure on the gearbox. When you reach the desired engine speed, pull the shifter out of the higher gear. At this moment, the transmission is in neutral.

Now, you should depress the gas pedal until the engine speed reaches 3,000 rpm. Then press the shifter to the next lower gear and hold. Next, you need to slowly bring down the engine speed. Once it matches the transmission speed in the desire gear, the shifter will slide into it.

To note, slip-shifting is only possibly if the car in on the move. Likewise, it is impossible to engage the first gear from a full stop without using the clutch pedal.

How to diagnose a bad or failing tail lamp bulb?

Tail lights – also known as rear lights -- refer to the two lamp clusters at the rear end of a vehicle. The entire rear lamp assembly typically includes the signal, brake as well as reverse lights. Basically, tail lights help warn other drivers on the road that a car is in front of them. They provide a warning that the car is turning left or right, reversing or braking.

In truth, tail lights play a vital role in vehicle safety. This role has been well acknowledged by the authorities, who wouldn’t hesitate to pull you over if one of your tail lights is missing. Even insurance companies have recognized the importance of tail lights. In any case, you would be at a disadvantage if another car rear-ended yours just because your tail lights didn’t work properly. You wouldn’t want to pay a large fine or lose insurance money for a busted tail lamp which costs only $3.

Light bulbs are considered one of the wear items. They usually aren’t covered by the car warranty. They do go bust much earlier than other parts of the car, especially when used frequently. Your car’s tail lamp might still be working on the last time you went for a drive, but now has gone busted. So before going off for a drive, you should first check whether the tail lamp bulbs are still in working good condition. If not, then you should promptly replace these failed lamp bulbs.

Nonetheless, it is of note that different carmakers have different configurations for the tail lamp bulbs of their cars. Usually, the tail lights illuminate when the headlight is turned on. Likewise, the brake light turns on when the brake pedal is depressed while the turn indicators illuminates when the turn signal switch is activated. From these configurations, it would be now easy to determine is a tail light bulb has gone busted and needs to be replaced.

To determine whether the tail light bulbs have already failed, you just need to turn on the car and do some tests. First, turn on the headlights and then see if the tail lights are also illuminated. If the tail lamps failed to light up, their bulbs might need replacement. In addition, activate the turn signal switch to the left and to the right. If any of the left or right signal lights doesn’t indicate, it is possible that their light bulbs have gone busted. Then, try to depress the brake pedal and see if the brake lights turn on. If they don’t, there might a problem with their light bulbs.

Once you have determined which of the tail lights don’t work, it is time to replace them. Of course, you need to purchase first the correct light bulbs for your car. To replace the defective tail light bulbs, you need to first unscrew the tail light housing. Then pull out the housing, although you won't be able to pull it out entirely. Next, you have to unscrew the bulb holder and pull out the defective bulb. Lastly, replace the light bulb and put everything in place. Just to be sure that you have properly replaced the bulbs, you may conduct the tests again.

How does air conditioning system works in a car?

During hot days, many people find refuge in their cars. This is because apart from shade, cars also provide a cool environment in which occupants don’t have to bear the heat. This wouldn’t be possible if a car doesn’t have an air conditioning system. Perhaps, during one of those hot days sitting in a car, you have wondered how an air conditioning system works.

So, how does a car air condition system work?

As you may have noticed, an air conditioning system doesn’t just involve a cooling fan. While a fan may cool down air inside a car, it can’t bring the temperature much lower. On the other hand, an air conditioning also cools down the air inside a car, just like a fan, but with a greater effect. Furthermore, an air conditioning does more than that.

Simply put, an air conditioning system conditions the air inside a car. So, this means that the system does more than cooling the air inside the car. An air conditioning system also reduces the humidity level – or the amount of moisture in the air – in the car. By lowering the air temperature and reducing the amount of moisture from the air, car occupant would feel more comfortable.

Air conditioning, whether in car, a room or a building, works by employing four basic principles: Evaporation, Condensation, Compression and Expansion. An air conditioning system is fitted with a number of parts that fulfill these principles: Compressor, Condenser, Expansion Valve, Receiver Drier and Evaporator.

As soon as the air conditioning system is turned on, a cooling fluid called refrigerant enters the compressor. The compressor squeezes (compression) the refrigerant, packing the molecules together. This process usually results in high temperature, and the refrigerant becomes a high-pressure vapor. Then this vapor is pumped to the condenser.

The condenser now changes the high-pressure vapor into high-pressure liquid. Looking very similar to a radiator, the condenser packs (condensation) the molecules in the vapor, thereby transforming the refrigerant into its liquid state. The process also generates heat, which in turn is removed by air flowing through the condenser.

Then, the now liquid refrigerant flows to the expansion valve, also called as orifice tube. This valve removes pressure from the refrigerant, allowing it to expand (Expansion) and becomes cold vapor. Since some moisture might still be carried with the refrigerant vapor, this moisture is removed through a desiccant in the receiver drier.

Now free from moisture, the cold refrigerant vapor moves into the evaporator, which looks similar to a radiator and is installed in the cabin or passenger compartment. As the cold refrigerant vapor passes through the evaporator, it vaporizes (Evaporation) and absorbs heat from the air sucked from the cabin. Air in the cabin is sucked by an air intake and is blown through the evaporator. This air becomes cold and enters the passenger compartment.

From the evaporator, the refrigerant is sent to the compressor to continue the air conditioning process.

How to Diagnose Your Car Problems?

It is always a good thing to know that there is something wrong with your car as early as possible. Aside from the fact that this would limit the damage that your car has sustained, it would also lessen the cost of repairs.

Remember: the greater the damage, the greater is the cost. The hard truth, however, is that not everyone knows how to determine whether something is already wrong with their cars. So, how would you know if your car is having some problems?

Simply put, there is something wrong with your car if it doesn’t look, sound, smell and feel good. You just have to use your senses to know if your car is having some problems. Generally, if something deviates from the usual thing, there could be something wrong. But of course, you can determine where these problems are, and leave the specific diagnosis and repair to your mechanic.

LOOK

Try to look out for something that doesn’t seen normal. For instance, if smoke is coming from under the hood, there could be issue with the engine. Likewise, while on the garage, try to see whether oil or some sort of liquid (fuel or brake fluid) is on the ground just beneath the car.

The presence of such liquid could mean some leakage in the system, and there might be a need to call for a specialist. This is especially so if you suspect that brake fluid is leaking from the car, as this is a safety issue.

Of course, the driver should always on a lookout on the instruments and gauges, as well as warning lights on the dashboard. Nowadays, the monitors on the dashboard provide a visual warning if something is wrong with the car. If something is blinking, there could be something wrong. The driver should always look out for the gauges for the fuel, tire pressure, oil, engine temperature and others. Likewise, the driver should try to see if the tires are flat.

SOUND

As soon as the engine is turned on, it lets out some noise. This noise varies from when the car has just started, or the engine is revving up. The sound also varies while the car is being driven or is on a halt. Nonetheless, the driver should pay attention to how the car normally sounds in a given situation. Once the sound changes, a problem could be occurring.

In addition, the driver should try to determine if he or she is hearing some creaking or squeaking sounds, as they may suggest problems with regards to the suspension system. Backfiring noises, meanwhile, may indicate issues like a malfunctioning air intake valve or the presence of moisture in the fuel system. When the driver is hearing popping sounds, the problems could be worn out tires, loose hubcaps or drive belts. When the driver hears some weird noise during braking, the issue could be the brake pad.

SMELL

Any bad, unusual smell inside the car could mean some issue. This is the case when the driver smells exhaust fumes inside the cabin. This isn't normal, and exhaust smoke could cause loss of consciousness or even death due to carbon dioxide poisoning. Other issue indicators include smells of gas, oil, coolant and even sulfur. The smell of burnt wood, burnt rubber, mold or mildew should be not taken for granted.

FEEL

Before going out on a drive, the driver should briefly inspect a number of elements to ensure that they are working well. The driver should test the turn signals, AC controls, windshield wipers, and even audio system controls to ensure that nothing would go wrong during the drive. The driver may also hold a hand in front of the AC vent to ensure that it is blowing cold air.

If during a ride, the driver feels some unusual vibrations, like on the steering wheel and on the overall ride. When the steering is vibrating weirdly, there could be problems with the brakes or wheels, while a hard-to-turn steering wheel could mean issue with the steering components. On the other hand, a loose steering wheel might be a trouble with the tie rods or ball joints.

How do i know when to replace brake pads with new ones?

Just like any part or component of a vehicle, the brake pads also worn out and have to be replaced. After all brakes are what makes the vehicle stop, making them a vital safety element of any car. Thus, if you are vehicle owner or driver, it is important to know when old brake pads have to be replaced by new ones.

There are number of factors that determine the longevity of brake pads: driving habits, environment, material and brake pad harshness. In terms of driving habits, smooth, gradual braking can make brake pads last longer, while sudden braking can cause the pads to wear down faster. Moreover, frequent cruising on highways where braking isn't really frequent increases the life span of brake pads, while driving on areas where braking is much needed can shorten it.

Of course, the vehicle driver or owner needs to be alert when the time comes to replace the brake pads. In general, brake pads are replaced for every 35,000 miles. Less durable pads have to be replaced after 25,000 miles, while there are those that can last much longer than 50,000 miles. Of course, the figure differs for every vehicle, which is why the driver or owner needs to carefully read the manual. Owner’s manuals usually say when the brake pads have to be replaced.

Nonetheless, due to the abovementioned factors, the brake pads might wear out much earlier than their estimated lifespan. There are some tell-tale signs that your brake pads are waiting to be replaced with new ones.

For instance, a vehicle owner may visually check the brake pads just by looking through the spaces between the wheel spokes. Typically, at least around 1/4 inch of brake pad should be pressing against a metal rotor. When the pad is less than this thickness, it may be time to replace it.

It may also be time to replace the brake pads when a grinding or screeching noise is heard when the brakes are applied. This sound is generated by a small metal shim called an indicator, serving a warning that it is now time to replace the pads.

When the brake pads are worn down, the disc and the caliper would rub on each other, causing a loud metallic sound. This is a very bad sign as the brake pads might be beyond replacement. So, in the first time that this grinding noise is heard, the owner needs to have the pads replaced.

Of course, there are other braking components that needed to be looked to ensure that the stopping power of a vehicle isn't compromised. For instance, if the brake pedal is vibrating or pulsating, the rotors could have been warped. When the brakes aren’t as responsive or the brake pedal is lower than usual, there could be a leak in the braking system (a brake fluid leak or air leak in the brake hose).

How to tell if the water pump belt is already in bad shape?

One of the main reasons why the engine of your car keeps running despite of working in a high temperature environment is the installed cooling system. If not for this cooling system, the engine, its materials and lubricants can be damaged by high temperature.

The car’s cooling system isn't made up of a single application – it includes the radiator, a cooling fan, a water pump, coolant hoses and a thermostat. The coolant is circulated from the radiator, then around the engine and back to the radiator where it is cooled down anew. This circulation is made possible by the water pump, which is turned by a serpentine belt made from rubber and nylon cords.

Once this belt fails, the water pump wouldn’t work, and coolant wouldn’t be able to reach places where it should reach. As a result, the engine might overheat. In fact, most engine overheating problems are due to a broken water pump belt.

There are many factors why the water pump belt gets broken. But even in normal use, the water pump belt could crack and break because of its prolonged exposure to heat. It may not be the heart of your car, but the water pump belt plays a vital role in keeping the engine cool at all times. Thus, there is really a need to know if your water pump belt is already failing or has failed. Here are some signs that tell that your water pump belt is in bad health and needs replacement.

If you are driving and suddenly notice the smell of burning rubber from the car’s engine, it could be that the water pump belt has broken. A worn out belt develops more heat as it power different component. This heat can become more intense, thereby causing the rubber belt to burn. This is already a bad sign for the cooling system of your car and needs immediate attention. The water pump belt badly needs replacement, as it should be done as soon as possible.

Aside from the smell of burning rubber, squealing noises from the front section of your car could also be indication that your water pump belt is failing and needs replacement. As the belt wears out, it might stretch over time. Once it stretches, it won’t fit well and tight with the pulleys on the devices the belt powers like the water pumps, AC units and alternators. The now loose belt will create a sound similar to a squeal.

Even if you haven’t noticed the smell of burning rubber or a squealing sound from the front section of your car, it is always prudent to do a visual inspection of the water pump belt. Just take a good look at the belt under the bonnet and try to see if it has developed cracks or if there are frayed nylon cords, which look like strings. These signs aren’t good news as they indicate that your water pump belt is in bad shape.

Leaked patent images from Brazil show possible final looks of 2019 BMW X7 premium SUV

The final production model of the 2019 BMW X7 is already set to be unveiled to the global public at the upcoming Los Angeles Auto Show in November. Yet would-be customers are already hyped this early for the new sports utility vehicle from BMW. Now, the excitement grows bigger thanks to a purported leak of patent images showing how the BMW X7 might look like in production form.

Somehow, the resourceful people at Motor1.com Brazil managed to get a number of patent images from the Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (Brazilian National Institute of Industrial Property). Based on the leaked images, the new 2019 BMW X7 would be as expected – a more subtle version of the Concept X7 iPerformance show vehicle unveiled at the 2017 Frankfurt Motor Show.

The reveal of the BMW Concept X7 iPerformance in September 2017 at Frankfurt essentially signaled the imminent arrival of a new flagship SUV from BMW. By December 2017, first pre-production models of the X7 rolled off the assembly line at the carmaker’s Spartanburg site in South Carolina.

BMW has indicated that this marked the start of a countdown for the final 12 months leading to the unveiling of the final production version, timed at November 2018. The pre-production BMW X7 models are produced in the same line as the BMW X5 and X6 production models. The pre-production X7 models were then turned over to the carmaker’s development department specialists for purposes like homologation and registration, as well as a number of tests.

Based on the leaked patent images, the final production version of the BMW X7 indeed borrows some design cues from the Concept X7 iPerformance study. The design elements include the large vertical kidney grille. Just like on the concept, the frame and bars of the X7 in the patent images are single-piece and more solid in design.

In addition, the BMW X7 in the leaked images feature sleek elongated twin headlights that are connected to the large kidney grille. However, these headlights are not as sleek as the headlights of the Concept X7 iPerformance study, which boasts of the BMW laser light.

Thankfully though, the leaked patent images basically confirmed that the new BMW X7 wouldn’t be just a larger version of the BMW X5. Thanks to a number of distinct visual elements, BMW was able to make the X7 look different from its smaller sibling.

As for the interior of the new BMW X7, Motor1 was able get some spy shots of its cabin, which offers ample legroom thanks to the SUV’s 3.01 meters (118.5 inches) of wheelbase. According to the Motor1, the new X7 will have BMW’s latest and greatest infotainment system and a digital instrument cluster similar to that on the BMW 8 Series Coupe. The gear shift lever, meanwhile, will feature Swarovski crystals. The new BMW X7 is expected to be powered by the latest version of BMW’s biturbo 4.4-liter V8 engine as mated to an eight-speed automatic ZF transmission and xDrive.

Diagnosing problems with the car’s windshield washer reservoir

Due to dirt and debris, the windshield has to be cleaned. To do this, carmakers install a cleaning system that sprays washer fluid onto the windshield. Then the wipers are automatically turned on to clean the windshield. The fluid used to clean the windshield is sourced from a container called the windshield washer reservoir.

Usually translucent to allow you to see whether it is filled with washer fluid, the windshield washer reservoir is usually a part that doesn’t wear out after some time. This is because the windshield washer reservoir is made from high-grade plastic that are really very durable. Thus, when it sustains some damage, it won't be because of wear and tear. Most probably, the damage was sustained because of other issues like putting in other liquids aside from washer fluid, like water. When water freezes, it causes the reservoir plastic to harden. Once it thaws, the reservoir will sustain some cracks.

The windshield washer reservoir contains a pump that pusher washer fluid through plastic lines to the washer nozzles. The washer fluid is then sprayed onto the car’s windshield. If the windshield washer reservoir gets damaged, some of its parts and components might stop working. You might not be able to clear your windshield through the wiper spray. However, there are signs that may manifest if the windshield washer reservoir is failing or in bad shape. Knowing these would help you determine whether it is already time to repair often-times ignored element of the car.

In case you don’t know it, the windshield washer reservoir is usually located under multiple engine parts in most modern vehicles. Its fill tube can easily access on either the driver or passenger side to allow for easy refilling of the washer fluid. It is translucent and comes with a mark of windshield wipers, ensuring that it won't be mistaken for the coolant overflow reservoir.

Having a translucent windshield washer reservoir is an advantage as it tells you whether washer fluid is low or empty. But if the washer fluid is frequently low or empty, something is already out of order. That just means that the reservoir is leaking – from the bottom, top or sides. This is could be because the reservoir might have sustained some cracks or damage. Such could cause the washer fluid to leak even though the system wasn’t activated.

Furthermore, you can visually check for any crack on the windshield washer reservoir. Any crack shouldn’t be taken for granted, as they would eventually cause some washer fluid leakage.

If there are any leaks, they would be noticeable just under the car. The washer fluid is typically colored light blue or light green, and if you notice a wet colored spot below your car, they could be the washer fluid.

Lastly, the reservoir could be damaged of the system doesn’t spray any washer fluid onto the windshield, even though it has been activated. This means that the fluid has already been used or drained. If drained, the cause could be a leak due to cracks.

Ten Jaguar I-Pace taxis to be deployed in Munich, Germany

It is quite common to see Mercedes-Benz taxis plying the streets of Germany. Mercedes-Benz E-Class taxi models can be found in almost every taxi stand throughout the country. In fact, three of every five taxis in Germany are Mercedes-Benz E-Class. Mercedes’ dominance in its home country isn't expected to be toppled soon, but Jaguar Land Rover of the United Kingdom is taking its chances with the new Jaguar I-Pace.

While 60 percent of all taxis in Germany being Mercedes E-Class, Jaguar is only sending 10 units of the I-Pace. Likewise, these 10 I-Pace units will only be fielded in the city of Munich, which is the home city of another German premium carmaker – BMW. The Jaguar I-Pace crossover taxis will be fielded in the city by Munich’s largest taxi operator.

In a statement, Jaguar Land Rover chief executive Ralf Speth said that the carmaker is inviting people in Munich not just to drive electric vehicles, but also drive Jaguar. He remarked that one of the reasons that Jaguar Land Rover deployed the I-Pace taxis in Munich is the mixed traffic. He remarked that in Munich, the I-Pace will be able experience both city and highway (autobahn) traffics.

The fielding of Jaguar I-Pace taxis forms part of a plan by the city of Munich to reduce area pollution. Munich is known for having one of the highest levels of pollution coming from diesel vehicles among German cities. Eyeing to ban older cars, Munich is seeing electric cars as one of the ways that air pollution could be reduced or be prevented from further accelerating.

To entice its residents to ride electric-powered taxis like the Jaguar I-Pace, the city of Munich will subsidizing every ride in the new cars. In fact, the city will be pay 20 cents per kilometer travelled.

Electric taxis, however, are nothing new. Nissan has been pitching its Leaf and e-NV200 units as sustainable zero-emission units to taxi company. Likewise, Tesla Model S taxis can be found in the streets of many cities in The Netherlands and Norway.

While electric vehicles offer lower operating costs than their gasoline or diesel counterparts, there has been a question about their range. But for the Jaguar I-Pace, its deployment as a taxi doesn’t just serve as an advertisement, but also help prove its durability, efficiency and range. Powered by a 395-hp electric drivetrain, the I-Pace gets its juice from a 90-kWh lithium-ion battery. Overall, the I-Pace can travel for a distance of nearly 300 miles. In addition, it can be recharged up to 80 percent of its capacity in just 40 minutes using a 100 kW charger.

Production version of Lynk & Co 03 sedan introduced

Lynk & Co, a carmaker founded just two years ago, is introducing its third production model: the Lynk & Co 03 sedan. This new model – derived from a concept first unveiled in April 2017 at the Auto Shanghai – marks the Chinese brand’s very first sedan.

When the Chinese carmaker unveiled the Lynk & Co 03 Concept at the 2017 Auto Shanghai, it was easily unmistakable that this sedan concept featured the design cues – both on the front and on the rear ends – of the Lynk & Co 01 and 02 sports utility vehicle. It looked like the 01 and the 02 but in a more aggressive and sportier package.

After more than a year, Lynk & Co – a Chinese-Swedish auto brand owned by Zhejiang Geely Holding Group that also owns Volvo -- is introducing the 03 sedan, which is essentially the production version of the 03 Concept shown in Shanghai in 2017. On a closer look, it seems that the Chinese carmaker didn’t bother to change or revise the design of the show car, especially since both the 03 production version and the 03 Concept basically look the same.

For instance, the Lynk & Co 03 sedan also features the sharp crease running along its waistline as well as the silver trim flowing on top of the window. Profile of the new 03 likewise reveals a set of five twin-spoke alloy wheels as well as sporty side skirts. Its front end is defined by split-level headlights with separate daytime running lights, while the rear end is marked by boomerang-like LED lights, a pronounced lip spoiler as well as twin-exit exhausts. The rear end also features a black strip with Lynk & Co badging.

Likewise, the overall shape and dimensions of the 03 Concept made it way to the Lynk & Co 03 Sedan.

Underpinned by the Volvo-developed Compact Modular Architecture (CMA) that also underpins the Volvo XC40 as well as the upcoming S40 saloon and V40 estate, the new Lynk & Co 03 will be powered by the same engines that power the Lynk & Co 01 – a 1.5-liter three-cylinder engine delivering up to 148 hp of output and a turbocharged 2.0-liter engine offering 187 hp of max output. A plug-in hybrid version could be on the way, with the possibility of a full EV variant since CMA is developed to support EV technologies. Lynk & Co is claiming that during tests, the hybrid version of the 03 has been able to reach 40 miles of pure electric range.

The Chinese carmaker is expected to unveil the Lynk & Co 03 in metal at the upcoming 2018 Chengdu Motor Show in September.

12 easy steps for cleaning the engine of your car

The engine is considered as the heart of any vehicle. It basically generates power that will be sent to the wheels, thereby propelling the vehicle. Without the engine, no vehicle can move. But no thanks to continued use and abuse, the car would get very dirty and would need to be cleaned up properly.

Cleaning an engine is job you can do. You can save some money as you don’t have to pay for the services of an engine cleaning professional. Nonetheless, it would be a great help if you have a guide on how you should you clean your engine. Below are the steps you can take to clean your car’s engine.

Step 1. Prepare the materials needed. You would need a bucket, gloves, bristled cleaning brush (or dish scrubber), water (preferably hot), water hose with trigger nozzle (or a spray bottle), shop vacuum (or an air hose), plastic bags and engine degreaser solution. You may also need safety glasses.

Step 2: Make sure that the engine has cooled down completely. A hot engine, when washed with cold water could suffer from damage. Likewise, it is unwise for you to touch a hot engine.

Step 3: Locate and cover engine parts that aren’t meant to get wet with plastic bags. Parts like the air intake, alternator, distributor, coil pack and exposed filters shouldn’t get wet as the engine might not start if they are soaked with water.

Step 4: Rinse the engine and the engine using a hose at low or medium pressure. Start from the rear portion of the engine bay to the front. As much as possible, avoid too much direct spray on electrical parts.

Step 5: Apply the degreaser on the perimeter of the engine bay. Avoid degreasing painted surfaces.

Step 6: Scrub the engine gently. Use a cleaning bristled brush or a dish scrubber to scrub the engine.

Step 7: Allow the degreaser to sit in. After brushing, don’t rinse the degreased parts right away. Instead, let the degreaser to sit for between 15 and 30 minutes, allowing the solution to break down the grease and grime that remained after scrubbing.

Step 8: Rinse the degreased parts. Using the hose or spray bottle, spray water onto the degreased parts to rinse the degreaser off.

Step 9: If dirt and grime are still present, degrease, scrub and rinse again. Repeat Steps 5, 6, 7 and 8 until all dirt and grime are gone. Do this also on stubborn areas.

Step 10: Dry the engine bay. You can towels to dry the wet parts or blower to dry those that are difficult to reach. Leave the hood open to hasten the drying process.

Step 11: Remove the plastic bags. Once the bags have been removed, dry off the water on the components that have become wet with a towel or cloth.

Step 12: Close the hood and clean up the workplace.

How to replace the windshield of your car in 10 easy steps

Windshields are a necessary part of a car. Aside from protecting the car’s occupant from the wind, oncoming road debris and natural elements, the windshield also plays a role in shaping its aerodynamics. A windshield isn't just made of ordinary glass, as it is made from laminated glass to ensure safety.

While a windshield is made tough, it doesn’t mean it won't get cracked, chipped or broken. Just remember that as you drive, the windshield is subjected to torture. After tens of thousands of miles, it might succumb to cracks. Likewise, there are instances that the windshield might get broken – someone threw stones on it or a person fell onto it. Nonetheless, you might really need to replace the windshield. Of course, seeking professional help is recommended, but somehow, you can it yourself. Here is how.

Before starting the process of replacing your windshield, ample preparation is needed. For instance, you need a replacement windshield that fits your car. Different cars have different dimensions, and so are their windshields. If you’re installing a new windshield, scuff the inside edge that will stick to the urethane. If you’re installing a used windshield, scrape the old urethane off while leaving a thin layer and scuff any bare spots.

Likewise, you need the proper tools and equipment that will allow you to properly do the job. For instance, you need electric knife, cold knife, razor blade scraper, scuffing pad, glass cleaner, suction cup window holders, primer, molding, urethane, urethane scraper, urethane application gun as well as protective gloves.

Once all of the aforementioned tools are prepared, it is now time to start replacing your windshield.

1. Remove the molding

Remove the molding. Most of the time, the molding for the windshield is just stuck on. This means you don’t need a specialized tool to pull and remove it. However, you have to do this carefully since if the molding gets damaged, you may need to replace it.

2. Scrape off the stickers and remove the mounted rearview mirror

Scrape off the stickers and remove the mounted rearview mirror. Since you need the registration and inspection stickers, you have to scrape them off and glue them on the replacement windshield. If the rearview mirror is mounted on the windshield, you also need to remove it, to be mounted on the replacement part.

3. Cut around the windshield on the outside and press it up inside

Cut around the windshield on the outside and press it up inside. On the outside, patiently and slowly cut through the urethane bead using a cold knife. If needed, cut through the urethane bead from the inside. Inside the car, press out the windshield to loosen it.

4. Lift windshield out

Lift windshield out. Use the suction cup to lift the windshield out. Do this very carefully.

5. Remove most of the urethane bead

Remove most of the urethane bead. Using the urethane scraper, remove most of the urethane bead on the car while leaving a thin layer – measuring around 1 mm – as new urethane will stick best to old one.

6. Apply primer paint on scratched paint or bare metal

Apply primer paint on scratched paint or bare metal. This is to prevent the metal to rust over time.

7. Apply a bead of urethane

Apply a bead of urethane. Cut the urethane tube to make a triangular hole. Then, employing a urethane gun, apply a continuous, thick bead of urethane around the edge where the windshield will fit. Depending on the urethane, you only have around 15 minutes – some take an hour -- to complete the application. After that, the urethane will dry (cure).

8. Get the replacement windshield into position

Get the replacement windshield into position. Use the suction cup handles to carefully lower the replacement windshield into position. Leave a small gap between the windshield glass and the edges of the recess.

9. Apply pressure

Apply pressure. Once the windshield is in place, apply medium pressure around the edge.

10. Re-place the molding, and re-touch paint

Re-place the molding, and re-touch paint. Re-place the molding – the undamaged one you removed – and re-touch up any scratches in the paint.

Now, all you need to do is to wait for the urethane to cure, although the curing time depends on the type of urethane you used. Be gentle in closing the doors to avoid a sudden rise in air pressure that could cause the windshield to pop out.